Electric brander.



PATBNTED DBO. 18, 1906.

G. J. SCHNEIDER. ELBOTRIO BBANDBB. APPLIUA'I'IDI mm) JULIIO. 1m.

New fio-ya J2 debmcic6u- 9 may,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Lettem Patent.

Patented Doc. 18, 1906.

Application lled July 10,1906- Sorill No 269,121.

To all whom it may (:mu-r'rn;

Be. it known that l, GEORGE J Sonmznmn, a citizen of the United Stairs, rcsidin r at De troit, in tlic county of Wayne and \tutc of Michilgnn, how inn-mod r'i-rtnin now and l usvfu lmprovvmcntsinElm-trit-llrunih-rs.of which the following is o. spvrilicution, ltll'li once bci .g had thcrcin to tho mzooinpuirving drawings.

The inv ntion relates to clvr-tricnlly-houtcd branding ,ools, and has for its riinarv objcot the obtaining of a construction in Com. Lhc current consumed is reduced to the mini- I mum. f

it is n furthrr objcct to provide tho inn] with intvrchangrahlo typo or branding (hurnctors which arc of substantially cqun'i (lt('- trical resistance and may b0 arrqngrd vithor in series or multiphbctwcon clumping clovtric terminals.

With these objects in view the invention consists, first, in the moons cmphn'rd .vhrrc by the heat is t-lcctricnlly gmwmtod dirm-tly at the point of consnm ilion; Sifllilil, in maintaining a substantially uniform clovtrical rcsistunco in all portions of llll hrnnding-conductor; and, fnrlhvr. in ('ortnin non-l features of construction, as will ho horoinnfn-r set forth.

In the drawings, Figuro l is a perspective view of ono form of my brandcr. Fig. 2 is a cross-section thereof. Fig. 3isa crspcctive view of a construction of dctachahll brandingtype. 4 is a longitudinal section through a clam ing-holdcr, showing a series of type securofthercin.

Heretofore certain constructions of elcctric branding-tools have bccn made in which type or branding characters are mountmd upon an electric conductor of s'iflicicnt rcsistance to develop the required amount of heat when so plied with a suitable electric current. Wit such constructions the heat is developed primarily in the cross-section of the resistance upon which the characters are mounted, lJfi only to a-small extent in the characters themselves. This is in accordance, with the well-known laws, first, that the heat is the roduc of th "csistance into the squnm of t e current, and, second, that the is inversely roportional to the crow-section of the co uctor. As a consequonce the cross-section of the conductor, which includes the raiacd characters, boing greater than that oetween the mined portions of the character, it is of lower electrical resistance, and the amount of heat generated thcrcin is loss thnn in the HIIIil-llCl cross-section. Thus tho limit which is ut-ilizcd in branding must b0 hirgrl r mmmunivutcd to tho brnnding-surfncv by conduction from the points of smallvr Cross-500th). In tho prcsout, construction this lltlt'Ci is nvoiilod by maintaining the rcsistancc in tho embossed portion of tho conductor as high as that in tho unombossvd portions, preferably bystrilv ing up tho chnriu'tcrs from a shoot of uniform crons-scction.

Anothcr dcicct in const ructions heretofore llHltl is the large prruontugc of loss of heat through (mnluotion and radiation. This is avoillml in tho ircsvnt constru tion by limiting tho filZl' of tho IISlnliilllt and illnt) from the fact (uhovc stated! that tho ln-nt isdovvlopcd largrly in the enlbossml iortions of thc rcsistanro and is consumod in tho branding oporutioil as gcncrntrd instcnd of (st-oping by r-nnlut {ion to tin-- i-lwti'iv tvrminnl.

In tho specific construction illustrntcd in Figs. 1 and .2, A is n llll'lfllllt conductor which is bent in a substnntinllv U-slmpcd form and has formed in the connecting portion of tho V-U one or morn ombossml characters which are struck out by dios to maintain it uniform cross-suction. This conductor is secured to suitable terminals, such as B, which are clamped or otherwise secured to the arallel arms of the U. C is a suitable acking of some elcctricallydnsulnting heat-resisting material, such as mica, which is adjacent to the inner face of tho embossed portion of the conductor and prevents the latter from being bent out of shape when heated and in use. Thus when an clcctric current of sufficient volume is passed through the condu tor the embossed portion wi l hc heated and will communicate its heat directly to the material in which the hrandi is performed.

The construction just ascribed is adapted for use where the distance between the electric terminals is comparntivcly small; but where the size of the hrander is above a certain limit there is danger of the embossed portion being thrown out of shape by expansion when heated. Such a result mnyhe eflectunlly prevented in the construction illustrated in Fig. 3, in which tho conductor is return-bent at a 5 upon opposite sides of the embossed portion c and is then bent to form substantu'dlv parallel terminal 41 adjacent to each other. With one a construction theexpansion in the embossed porrtionl I I0 tion is nearl equaled by that in the returnbent arallel met is there ore prevented.

The construction shown in Fig. well adapted for interchangeable detachable type, the portion d forming both the electric terminals and the m chanical connection between the type anu its holder. This s illustrated in ig. 4, in which D is a clamptug-holder of an suitable construction, havmg an insuia contact-block E at one end and a series of intermediate insulated contact-pieces F between said end and the o poaite terminal contact G. Between t ese various contacts the shanks d of the different t are aced, and then by means of a s'utable' 0 amp, such as the screw H, the whole series is ressed into good electric con tact. To in 1 ate the two contact ends (I d from each other suitable insulating material, such as f, is placed therebetween.

'ith the construction as described in operation the current supplied to the terminal contacts E and it will pass succesintermediate contacts sively through the type clamped between the will be developed in the embossed section and in the return'bent ortion 0. Where the dc ice is intermittent; used, it is preferable to provide electric connections by which the current sup lied when the brander is not in use is onl su cient to maintain the branding-surface hot. when, however, the hrander is in actual operation, additional current is su plied to the brandcr, with the result that t 4: heat is more rapidly generatcd to cmrpiisnsate for that consumed in branding. 's will make the operation of the instrument more rapid without in any way endangerinfi its life. As illustrated, the cfiect 'ust escri red is obtained by including norm ly in the branding-circuit a resistance R, (preferably an inductive resistance to prevent loss of energy) which diminishes the amount of current.

S is a shunt for the resistance R, which a'wntains a normally opened switch T, and thissswitch is so connected with the operating mechanism for the brands! that whenever the branding-surface is Ipressed in contact with the work the switc- T will he closed. This will result in cutting out the resistance R, whereby a greater volume of current is supplied to t]- Landing-conductor and a correspondingly greater amount of heat is generated.

While I have illustrated the detachable branding-type as mounted in a clampinglioldcr connected cloctricall in series, it is obvious that they might connected 1n multi What 1 claim as my invention ra I. An electric brand" doctor forming the heating relstance having portions thereof in relief, and a baohmz for rtion e and buckling of the I 3 is also ductor of substantially F, and in which heat camera said conductor of electrically-insulating heatresisting material.

2. An electric brandcr comprising a conuniform crosssectional electrical resistance fashioned to place POILil-IIIS thereof in relief.

3. An electric brandvr comprising a conducting-strip embossed or struck up to throw portions thereof in relief.

4. An electric brander comprising a conducting-strip of substantially uniform thickness embossed or struck up to throw portions thereof in relief.

5. An electric brander comprising a conductor of substantially uniform cross-section, embossed or struck u thereof in relief, and a acking for said conductor of electrically-insulating heat'resisting material.

6. An electric brander comprising an electric conductor of substantially uniform cross section embossed or struck up to throw portions thereof in relief, a backmg for the embossed portion of said conductor formed of electrically-insulating and heat-resisting material, the ends of said conductor being bent at an angle and forming terminal contacts therefor.

7. An electric brander comprisi tric conductor embossed or struc uputo throw portions thereof in relief, a bee 'ng for the embossed orion of said conductor formed of electrics ly-msulating and heat-resistin material, said conductor having a retumrent portion adjacent to said backing and substantially parallel to the embossed urtinfl for the P11111089 8. An electric brander comprising a conductor embossed or struck u to throw portions thereof in relief, a backing for the embossed portion of said conductor of electrically-insulating and heat-resisting material, said conductor having a return-bent porticn substantiall parallel to said ern portion and an tantially parallel terminals extending at an angle to the plane of the embossed portion.

9. An electric brander com an electric conductor em or struc up to throw pgrtions thereof in relief, conductor ing return-bent parallel to said erubossed portion and opposite ends extending an antially paral is adjacent to each other and angle the plane of the embossed portion, and electrically-insulating and beat-roas ng material placed between said terminal! and be tween the embomcd and he retina-bent portinn of said conductor. i

10. An electric branner 00mm holder, a pluralit of detacha l and interh abl 4. than!! a portlon g m elec ri I circuit. and clamping for aaid type in and lnldfl'.

an elseto throw portions 12. In an e ric brander he combiner IO tion with an em bran 'nF-surface, of means for generating heat direct y in the em 11 portions of said surface. 13. In an electric brander the combination with an embossed branding-surface, of

ineans for sup lyinfi an electric current to generate heat ircct y in the embossed p0)- tiona of said surface to maintain the same In a heated condition, and means automatically operating when said brandin surface I8 pressed in contact with the wor for'suppljrmg additional current to increase the generation of heat.

In testimony whereof I afl'ix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE J. SmiNElDER. Witnesses:

AMELIA,- lLLXAMS, EDWARD 1). Amxr. 

